IMUNOPATOGENESIS LEPTOSPIROSIS

Debie  Anggraini; Reni Lenggogeni

doi:10.59003/nhj.v4i6.1263

Authors

Debie Anggraini Universitas Baiturrahmah
Reni Lenggogeni RS Syafira, Pekanbaru, Riau

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59003/nhj.v4i6.1263

Keywords:

Leptospirosis, Infection, Immunopathogenesi.

Abstract

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria from the genus *Leptospira*. This disease is one of the infectious diseases that are widespread throughout the world, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. Leptospirosis is transmitted to humans through direct contact with water, soil, or materials contaminated by the urine of infected animals. Animals such as rats, dogs, and livestock are often the main reservoirs of this bacteria. Humans can be infected when their skin or mucosa comes into contact with water or soil containing *Leptospira* bacteria, especially during floods or when working in wet environments. Clinically, leptospirosis can vary from asymptomatic infection to severe disease that can be fatal. Severe clinical manifestations, known as Weil's disease, can involve organ failure, including liver and kidney, and severe bleeding. In the context of the hematological and immunological systems, leptospirosis can cause disorders of blood cell function, including hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and changes in the leukocyte profile. The immune response to *Leptospira* is critical in determining disease severity, with uncontrolled immune mechanisms contributing to tissue and organ damage.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aktories, K., Fakultät, M., Pharmakologie, K., Albert-, A. I., Freiburg, L., & Cooper, M. D. (2012). Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology Series Editors, 386.

Bharti, A. R., Nally, J. E., Ricaldi, J. N., Matthias, M. A., Diaz, M. M., Lovett, M. A., … Vinetz, J. M. (2003). Leptospirosis: A zoonotic disease of global importance. Lancet Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00830-2

Bhatia, M., & Umapathy, B. L. (2015). Deciphering leptospirosis-a diagnostic mystery: an insight. International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences, 4(3), 693. https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2015.00132.0

Bhatia, M., Umapathy, B., & Navaneeth, B. (2015). An evaluation of dark field microscopy, culture and commercial serological kits in the diagnosis of leptospirosis. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 33(3), 416. https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.158570

Cosson, J. F., Picardeau, M., Mielcarek, M., Tatard, C., Chaval, Y., Suputtamongkol, Y., … Morand, S. (2014). Epidemiology of Leptospira Transmitted by Rodents in Southeast Asia. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8(6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002902

Desai, S., van Treeck, U., Lierz, M., Espelage, W., Zota, L., Sarbu, A., … Jansen, A. (2009). Resurgence of field fever in a temperate country: an epidemic of leptospirosis among seasonal strawberry harvesters in Germany in 2007. Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 48(6), 691–697. https://doi.org/10.1086/597036

Dutta TK & Christopher M, 2005, Leptospirosis-An Overview, JAPI, 53: 545-51.

Hochedez, P., Theodose, R., Olive, C., Bourhy, P., Hurtrel, G., Vignier, N., … Cabié, A. (2015). Factors Associated with Severe Leptospirosis, Martinique, 2010–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 21(12), 2221–2224. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2112.141099

Infect, I. J., Panaphut, T., Domrongkitchaiporn, S., & Thinkamrop, B. (2002). Prognostic factors of death in leptospirosis: a prospective cohort study in Khon Kaen, Thailand. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 6(1), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1201-9712(02)90137-2

Levett DN, 2006, Leptospira spp in Principles and Practice of Clinical Bacteriology, Second Edition, Editor: Coillespie SH, Hawkey PM, USA: John Wiley & Sons, pp: 463-9.

Ministry Of Health Malaysia. (2011). Guidelines for the Diagnosis, Management, Prevention and Control of Leptospirosis in Malaysia. (K. Verasahib, Ed.) (1st ed.). malaysia: DISEASE CONTROL DIVISION DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH MINISTRY OF HEALTH MALAYSIA. Retrieved from http://www.moh.gov.my/images/gallery/Garispanduan/GL_Leptospirosis 2011.pdf

Shivakumar, S., & Krishnakumar, B. (2006). Diagnosis of Leptospirosis - Role of MAT. Journal of Association of Physicians of India, 54(APR.), 338–339.

Vijayachari, P., Sugunan, A. P., & Shriram, A. N. (2008). Leptospirosis: An emerging global public health problem. Journal of Biosciences, 33(4), 557–569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-008-0074-z

Vinetz JM, 2012, Leptospirosis in Infectious Diseases, Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Editor: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, USA: Mc-GrawHill, 1392-6.

WHO. (2009). Leptospirosis situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region. World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia, 1–7.

Yilmaz, H., Turhan, V., Yasar, K. K., Hatipoglu, M., Sunbul, M., & Leblebicioglu, H. (2015). Characteristics of leptospirosis with systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a multicenter study. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 14, 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-015-0117-x

Zein U, 2009, Leptospirosis dalam Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Edisi V, Editor: Sudoyo AW, Setiyohadi B, Alwi I, Simadibrata M, Setiati S, Jakarta : Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam FK UI.